Injection Mold Tooling
 A method to fabricate plastic parts by utilizing a mold or cavity with a shape and size identical to the part being produced. Molten polymer is injected into the cavity and yields the desired part upon solidification. The mass production capability of injection molding offers low production
cost.
Professional Injection Mold Tooling Services
Injection molds are typically made from steel alloys and can take several months to develop. Lower cost and shorter development time, therefore, has been an important focus in the
injection mold tooling community. Stereolithography. with its capability to produce tools quickly and economically, offers a potential means to resolve this issue.
The stereolithography (SL) process starts with a CAD file of the desired object. The CAD model is sliced into layers of thickness typically ranging from 0.002" to 0.008"0 (50 to 200 [mu]m). The slice file then is input into the SL machine, which essentially consists of a laser source and a part platform. Each layer of the model is created as the laser cures the resin according to the slice pattern. After one layer is completed, the platform is lowered into the resin a distance equal to the layer thickness, and the curing is repeated to create the next layer. The cycle repeats until the whole model is built.
Tooling for injection-molding applications has been a promising area for deploying the SL technique. SL molds allow complex geometry to be built with ease and with considerable reduction in cost and tool-development time. SL molds can be built in hours instead of days or months as for conventional steel molds. The savings can be significant considering the size of the
injection mold tooling industry. The SL process already has been used successfully in the production of short run injection molds. Current research in industry and academe has shown that SL molds can produce from 50 up to 500 parts before breakage.
Previous work on SL molds has shown that their life is highly
dependent on the stress applied to the mold during the injection
mold tooling cycle. During injection, the polymer flow creates a bending stress
on small features, and can either permanently deform the mold or
break it. During ejection, stresses are applied at the surface of
the mold due to the plastic part shrinkage on the core coupled with
inherent interlocking between SLA molds and the part.
Injection Mold Tooling : Plastic Injection Moulding
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Assuming the mold is fully cured, the SL building process is the critical factor in mold failure because it imparts material properties and geometry. The additive process is discontinuous and the bulk material characteristics might not be isotropic. Also, the surfaces of the molds have an inherent roughness due to the layered manufacturing method (stair stepping) that creates sites for stress concentrations. The temperatures during molding and their influence on the material also need to be understood, as the mechanical properties of SL materials are temperature
dependent. See also Plastic Injection Moulding, and pages relate to Injection Mold Tooling
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